Abstract: Objective： To investigate the effects of different anesthesia approaches on the perioperative expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and IL-10 in elderly patients with lung cancer. Methods： Sixty elderly patients, aged 60-80 years old, who underwent standard lung cancer radical operation, were selected. All the subjects were classified as ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ and were randomly divided into 3 groups with 20 in each: general anesthesia group (group G), general anesthesia combined with thoracic paravertebral block group (group GP), general anesthesia combined with epidural block group (group GE). Blood samples were collected before anesthesia (T₀), after targeted resection (T₁), after extubation (T₂), and 24 h after surgery (T₃) for the test of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10. Perioperative complications as well as prognosis were recorded. Results： Compared with that at T₀, serum IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 concentrations of three groups gradually increased at T₁-T₃(P< 0.05). Compared with that in group G, serum IL-6 concentrations were lower in both group GP and GE at T₁-T₃(P< 0.05), while serum IL-8 concentrations were lower in group GE at T₂-T₃(P< 0.05). The total incidence of perioperative complications in group G(60%) was higher than that in group GP(30%) and group GE(25%, P< 0.05). Conclusions： Compared with general anesthesia, general anesthesia combined with epidural block as well as general anesthesia combined with thoracic paravertebral block might partly inhibit the perioperative expression of serum inflammatory cytokines so as to reduce perioperative complications and improve prognosis.