Abstract: Esophageal cancer is a high-incidence malignant tumor, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Conventional surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have no enough improvement in the poor prognosis. In recent years, the continuous development of immunotherapy has provided new ideas for the treatment of esophageal cancer. B7-H3 (CD276), is overexpressed in various types of tumors such as esophageal cancer, has been confirmed to be closely related to the poor prognosis of patients, and may be a promising immunotherapy target. B7-H3 mainly plays a negative regulatory role in esophageal cancer immune response. B7-H3 may be a potential biomarker in tumorigenesis and the development of esophageal cancer, which is expected to expand new directions for anti-tumor immunotherapy. This article reviews research progress of the roles of B7-H3 in esophageal cancer.