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基于单中心的累及颈总动脉/无名动脉的颈动脉狭窄手术治疗策略及疗效分析

Clinical efficacy and surgical strategies of carotid artery and innominate artery stenosis based on single clinical center

  • 摘要: 目的:总结并优化累及颈总动脉/无名动脉的颈动脉狭窄患者的手术治疗策略。方法:选择复旦大学附属中山医院血管外科2014年8月至2018年8月收治的11例累及颈总动脉/无名动脉的颈动脉狭窄患者。分析患者颈动脉狭窄的类型。根据患者的机体状态及颈部解剖条件,选择颈动脉内膜剥脱术(carotid endarterectomy,CEA)、颈动脉支架成形术(carotid angioplasty stenting,CAS)或两者复合手术。分析不同手术方式的特点及效果。结果:11例累及颈总/无名动脉的颈动脉狭窄患者中,Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱa型5例,Ⅱb型1例,Ⅲ型2例。共4例(36.4%)患者行单纯CEA,其中Ⅰ型和Ⅱa型各2例;5例(45.5%)患者行单纯CAS,其中Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱa型3例,Ⅱb型1例;2例(18.2%)患者行复合手术,均为Ⅲ型。2例(18.2%)患者CAS术后出现大卒中。平均随访(7.8±14.1)个月;随访期内,无患者发生颅外颈动脉相关神经系统并发症,无患者须二次干预。结论:对于累及颈总/无名动脉的颈动脉狭窄,选择合理的手术方法和策略可获得良好的疗效;选用CAS时,更须重视降低围手术期脑梗死风险。

     

    Abstract: Objective:To summarize and optimize the reasonable surgical strategies for the common carotid or innominate artery stenosis. Methods:Eleven patients with common carotid or innominate artery stenosis treated in the Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan university from August 2014 to August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The types of carotid stenosis were analyzed. Different surgery strategies were adopted according to the body state and carotid anatomy, including carotid endarterectomy (CEA), carotid angioplasty stenting (CAS), and the hybrid procedure of the two methods. The characteristics and effects of different surgery strategies were analyzed. Results:Among the 11 patients, 3 patients were type Ⅰ, 5 were type Ⅱa, 1 was type Ⅱb, and 2 were type Ⅲ. Four patients (36.4%) only underwent CEA, including 2 patients with type Ⅰ and 2 patients with type Ⅱa . Five patients (45.5%) only underwent CAS, including 1 patients with type Ⅰ, 3 patients with type Ⅱa, and 1 with type Ⅱb. Two patients (18.2%) with type Ⅲ underwent combined strategies. A major stroke developed after CAS in 2 patients (18.2%). The mean follow-up time was (7.8 ± 14.1) months, and during the follow-up period, there was no extracranial carotid artery related neurological complications or reintervention. Conclusions:Carotid stenosis involving the common carotid or the innominate artery could get acceptable outcomes with the reasonable strategies. When CAS is selected, the risk of cerebral infarction should be paid high attention to.

     

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