Abstract: Objective：To evaluate the effect of placement of patch during laparoscopic transperineal radical resection of rectal cancer on the prevention of parastomal hernia. Methods：The clinical data of 49 patients undergoing laparoscopic transperineal radical resection of rectal cancer from June 2012 to June 2015 in the General Surgery Department of People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University were analyzed. Forty-nine patients were randomly divided into the regular sigmoidostomy group (regular group, 28 cases) and preventive patch placement group (place group, 21 cases). The incidence of parastomal hernia and related complications were compared. Results：There was no significant difference in the stoma-related complications such as pain, infection, ischemia necrosis, dehiscence, stenosis, and so on between the two groups, and there was significant difference in the parastomal sensory deficiency (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of parastomal hernia (CT diameter > 5 cm) between the two groups at 12 months after surgery, and there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of parastomal hernia at 24 months and 36 months after surgery (P<0.05). Conclusions：Preventive placement of patch during laparoscopic transperineal radical resection of rectal cancer has clinical value in the prevention of long-term parastomal hernia after operation.