Abstract: Objective：To evaluate the value of abdominal fat aspiration and labial salivary gland biopsy in diagnosing immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis with different organ involvement. Methods：A total of 59 patients diagnosed as AL amyloidosis from March 2017 to August 2018 were included. The cardiac and renal involvement, and results of abdominal fat aspiration and labial salivary gland biopsy were analyzed. Results：A total of 59 patients were selected, cardiac involvement and renal involvement were confirmed in 45 and 27 patients respectively. The positive rate of abdominal fat aspiration and labial salivary gland biopsy was 68.5% (37/54) and 62.8% (27/43) respectively, and 85.4% (35/41) for two methods combined in AL amyloidosis patients. The positive rate of labial salivary gland biopsy was significantly higher in patients with cardiac involvement than those who without (71.9% vs 30.0%, P=0.027), but no significant difference for abdominal fat aspiration was found between the two groups. The positive rates of these two methods had no statistically significant difference in patients with or without renal involvement. Conclusions：The combination of abdominal fat aspiration and labial salivary gland biopsy could increase the positive rates for AL amyloidosis; the cardiac involved patients are sensitive to the labial salivary gland biopsy, which should be emphasized in these patients.