结直肠癌分子分型及分子标志物的研究进展

Research progress on molecular typing and molecular markers of colorectal cancer

摘要: 结直肠癌（colorectal cancer, CRC）是生物学高度异质性的肿瘤，对其进行分子分型有助于识别肿瘤组织来源、预测肿瘤进展或转移复发风险，且是个体化精准治疗的必要前提。分子标志物 RAS、BRAF、PI3KCA和HER-2能协助CRC的诊断、临床分期、判断预后和指导临床治疗。本文就近年来CRC分子分型及其分子标志物的研究作一综述。

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor, and its molecular typing is helpful for the identification of the tumor histological origin, prediction of tumor progression or the risk of metastasis and recurrence, and it’s a necessary prerequisite for individualized precise treatment. The molecular markers RAS, BRAF, PI3KCA, and HER-2 could assist in the diagnosis, clinical staging, prognosis, and clinical treatment of CRC. This article reviews the recent research on molecular typing and molecular markers of CRC.