Abstract: Objective：To evaluate the effects of different education methods on awareness of chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and to explore the appropriate health education method for community residents in Shanghai, using self-designed kidney health-related questionnaire. Methods：A total of 60 residents participated in this study, of whom 38.3% were male (n=23), and 61.7% were female (n=37). The mean age of participants was (73.33 ±10.10) years old. Participants were randomly divided into three groups with 20 cases in each group. The control group was only given a questionnaire survey, the handbook group was given questionnaire survey and a handbook of kidney health education, and the lecture group was given questionnaire survey and two sessions of CKD education lectures. Three months later, the questionnaire survey was repeated for the three groups. Results：Of the 60 participants, attention rate of kidney disease increased significantly after 3 months’ intervention (22.0% vs 6.8%, P<0.05). The attention rates of the handbook group (31.6% vs 5.0%, P<0.05) and the lecture group (30.0% vs 5.0%, P<0.05) were much higher than that in the control group. The proportion of voluntary urine test was only increased in the lecture group (95.0% vs 45.0%, P<0.05). Conclusions：This study supports the necessity of conducting health-related education lectures in the community to strengthen the awareness of kidney disease, to decrease CKD incidence, and retard the progression of kidney diseases.