Abstract: Objective：To evaluate the effect of chewing gum on promoting recovery of bowel function in Lenke 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients undergoing surgical correction. Methods：AIS patients scheduled for posterior spinal fusion surgery at our institution from January 2016 to January 2018 were randomly divided into gum group (chewing gum for 20-30 minutes at 8:00, 12:00, and 18:00 on the 1st to the 3rd day after surgery) and control group without chewing gum (ChiCTR-IOR-17013449). The primary endpoints included the time of flatus, the time of peristalsis resuming, the duration of hospital stay, and the time of eating. The secondary endpoints included the postoperative opioid consumption, the scores of pain and nausea and the incidence of complications. Results：Totally 99 patients were included with 49 in gum group and 50 in control group. There were no significant differences in the time of flatus (P=0.162), time of peristalsis resuming (P=0.387), time of eating and duration of hospital stay (P=0.730) between groups, the postoperative complications, opioid consumption and postoperative scores of pain and nausea were not significantly different between groups as well. Conclusions：Chewing gum does not hasten the recovery of bowel function after posterior spinal fusion surgery for Lenke 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.