Abstract: Objective：To explore the clinical significance of Ki-67 and P16 in cervical cancer and precancerous lesion. Methods：We selected 90 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 40 cases of cervical cancer patients of our hospital from August 2014 to August 2016 as a clinical research object, using the immunohistochemical staining method to detect patients with pathological tissue specimens in the expression of P16 and Ki-67, comprehensive analysis of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in the Ki-67 and compare the differences in the levels of P16 expression and its significance in clinical diagnosis. Results：Ki-67 and P16 were both expressed in cervical and precancerous lesions, the positive rate of Ki-67 in CIN was significantly lower than that in cervical cancer, but the expression of Ki-67 in CIN patients was significantly higher than that in low grade CIN patients ( P<0.05 ). The positive expression rate of P16 in cervical cancer was significantly higher than that in CIN and low grade CIN ( P<0.05 ). the positive expression rate of P16 in low grade CIN was significantly lower than that in CIN ( P<0.05 ). The sensitivity of P16 in the differential diagnosis of CIN and cervical cancer was significantly higher than that of Ki-67 ( P<0.05 ). The sensitivity and specificity of P16 in the diagnosis of low grade CIN and high grade CIN were significantly lower than that of Ki-67, and there was no significant difference between groups. The sensitivity of Ki-67 and P16 joint diagnosis in distinguishing CIN and cervical cancer and low grade CIN and high grade CIN were significantly higher than that in single diagnosis ( P<0.05 ). The specificity of differential diagnosis for CIN and cervical cancer was the same as Ki-67. Conclusions：Ki-67 and P16 have some expression in cervical cancer and precancerous lesion, and the joint diagnosis between Ki-67 and P16 is important in the diagnosis of CIN and the diagnosis of cervical cancer.