Abstract: Objective：To compare the incidence of peripheral vascular complications during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through femoral artery and radial artery, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods： The clinical data of 780 patients who underwent coronary angiography and interventional therapy in Cardiovascular Center of Nantong First People’s Hospital from July 2014 to December 2016 were analyzed, and the incidence of peripheral vascular complications was compared. Results： There were 471 cases through femoral artery and 309 through radial artery. The overall complication rate of femoral artery approach was 13.2%, which was higher than that of radial artery approach (4.5%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The bleeding rate of femoral artery approach was 7.9%, which was higher than that of radial artery approach (2.6%), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.002). The incidence of major complications (retroperitoneal hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, and artery dissection) of femoral artery approach was higher than those of radial artery approach (2.1% vs 0%), but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions： The incidence of peripheral vascular complications during PCI of femoral artery approach is higher than those of radial artery approach, and the approach should be considered comprehensively in clinical practice.