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上海老年体检者体质量指数与血压、血脂、腰臀比及血红蛋白的关系

The relationship between body mass index and blood pressure, blood lipids, waist-to-hip ratio, and hemoglobin in the elderly undergoing physical examination in Shanghai, China

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨老年人体质量指数（BMI）与血压（BP）、血脂、腰臀比（WHR）及血红蛋白（Hb）的关系。
    方法 以2023年2月至2023年10月上海市宝山区某社区10 978名≥65岁老年体检者为研究对象，测量身高、体质量、腰围（WC）、臀围（HC）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、Hb，计算BMI、WHR。根据中国BMI参考标准将老年人分为消瘦组（＜18.5 kg/m2, n＝310）、正常体质量组（18.5 kg/m2≤BMI＜24 kg/m2, n＝4 692）、超重组（24 kg/m2≤BMI＜28 kg/m2, n＝4 615）和肥胖组（≥28 kg/m2，n＝1 361），比较4组BP、血脂、WHR、Hb水平并进行相关性分析。
    结果 老年男性受检者BMI、WC、HC、WHR、SBP、DBP、Hb水平均高于老年女性（均P＜0.01），TC、HDL、LDL水平均低于老年女性（均P＜0.01）。4组的SBP、DBP、TC、HDL、LDL、WHR、Hb差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05），且BMI与SBP、DBP、TC、LDL、WHR、Hb均正相关（r＝0.109、0.064、0.041、0.042、0.108、0.089, 均P＜0.01），与HDL负相关（r＝﹣0.106, P＜0.01）。正常体质量组老年男性的BMI高于老年女性，肥胖组老年女性的BMI高于老年男性（均P＜0.01）。正常体质量组年龄＜75岁老年人的BMI高于年龄≥75岁老年人（P＜0.05）。
    结论 BMI与老年人健康关系密切，维持理想的BMI是老年人进行健康管理及预防慢性疾病的基础。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and hemoglobin (Hb) in the elderly.
    Methods A total of 10 978 elderly individuals aged≥65 years old in a community in Baoshan District, Shanghai from February 2023 to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Height, body mass, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), Hb were measured, and BMI and WHR were calculated. According to the Chinese BMI reference standard, the elderly were divided into a lean group (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, n＝310), a normal body mass group (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI < 24 kg/m2, n＝4 692), a overweight group (24 kg/m2≤BMI < 28 kg/m2, n＝ 4 615), and an obese group (BMI≥28 kg/m2, n＝1 361). The levels of BP, blood lipids, WHR, and Hb in the four groups were compared and correlation analysis was conducted.
    Results The levels of BMI, WC, HC, WHR, SBP, DBP, and Hb in elderly men were higher than those in elderly women (all P < 0.01), while the levels of TC, HDL, and LDL were lower than those in elderly women (all P < 0.01). The differences in SBP, DBP, TC, HDL, LDL, WHR, and Hb among the four groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.05), and BMI was positively correlated with SBP, DBP, TC, LDL, WHR, and Hb (r＝0.109, 0.064, 0.041, 0.042, 0.108, 0.089, all P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with HDL (r＝﹣0.106, P < 0.01). The BMI of elderly men in the normal body mass group was higher than that of elderly women, while the BMI of elderly women in the obesity group was higher than that of elderly men (both P < 0.01). In the normal body mass group, the BMI of elderly people aged < 75 years old was higher than that of elderly people aged ≥75 years old (P < 0.05).
    Conclusions BMI is closely related to the health of the elderly, and maintaining an ideal BMI is the foundation for health management and prevention of chronic diseases in the elderly.

     

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