Objective To investigate the clinical value of serratus anterior muscle fascia combined with partial pectoralis major fascia fat flap in immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction.

Methods From August 2017 to August 2020, a total of 50 patients with breast cancer in the mastopathy department of Linyi Cancer Hospital received immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction. Among them, serratus anterior muscle fascia combined with partial pectoralis major fascia fat flap was used to cover the outer bottom of the breast implant in 31 patients (SPMF group), latissimus dorsi muscle flap was used to cover the outer bottom of the breast implant in 19 patients (LDMF group). The operation time, drainage tube removal time, discharge time, incision complications, breast cosmetic effect and quality of life of the patients were compared between the two groups.

Results Patients in the SPMF group had a significantly shorter operation time, shorter drainage tube placement time, and shorter hospital stay (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in cosmetic effect and incidence of incision complications between the two groups. The quality of life in the SPMF group was significantly better than that in the LDMF group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions For the cover of the outer bottom of the breast implant during the immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction, compared with the latissimus dorsi muscle flap, serratus anterior muscle fascia combined with partial pectoralis major fascia fat flap has the advantages of shorter operation time, quicker recovery, and higher quality of life after surgery, and it is worth of wide promotion.