Abstract: As a substantial part of the visual pathway, optic radiation conveys visual signal from lateral geniculate body to the occipital cortex. It is not rare to see reports of optic radiation injuries as consequences of neurosurgical diseases or neurosurgical complications. Trough general anatomical or radiological study, fiber dissection anatomy research, diffusion tensor fiber tract imaging research, the anatomical knowledge has been deepened and expanded. With all the new information added to the neurosurgical procedures, the intra-operative protection of optic radiation has been strengthened.