Objective To observe the change of blood lipids and glucose after reducing the intake of carbohydrates in the diet of peritoneal dialysis patients.

Methods From August 2016 to April 2017, 35 patients who undenwent long-term peritoneal dialysis in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were selected. According to the lost amount of glucose in 24 h peritoneal dialysis fluid of patients, which was the amount of glucose absorbed from the peritoneal dialysis fluid, the dietary carbohydrate intake was personally guided, and followed up for 6 months.

Results After the intervention, triglycerides (TG) was reduced, serum total cholesterol (TC)、low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and adiponectin were all increased, resistin and ferritin were reduced, fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A₁c (HbA₁c), insulin levels and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were decreased, and serum total protein (TP) was increased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight, triceps skin fold thickness (TSF), upper arm circumference (AC), and serum albumin (Alb) before and after intervention in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Conclusion According to the amount of glucose absorbed by long-term peritoneal dialysis patients from the peritoneal dialysis fluid, the corresponding reduction in the intake of carbohydrates in their diet would help them reduce blood lipids, improve glucose metabolism, and maintain the nutritional status.