基于胸部CT影像学表现的肺部感染病原体的评估与甄别

Evaluation and identification of pathogens of pulmonary infection based on chest CT imaging features

摘要: 肺部感染是造成死亡人数最多的感染性疾病，早期快速、准确的病原学诊断、精准治疗是改善肺部感染预后、降低死亡率的关键。有些病原体引起的肺部感染病灶，可在胸部CT表现出一定的特征。因此，根据病灶形态、大小、数量、变化速度，临床可评估和甄别引起肺部感染可能的病原体。本文就肺部感染相关胸部CT常见和重要的影像学特征进行述评，旨在提升临床医生对评估肺部感染病原体、合理使用抗菌药物及改善肺部感染预后的能力。

Abstract: Pulmonary infection is the infectious diseases that causes the most deaths. Early, rapid, accurate pathogenic diagnosis and precise treatment are essential for improving the prognosis of pulmonary infection and reducing mortality. Pulmonary infection caused by certain pathogens has specific features on chest CT scans. Possible pathogens can be speculated by CT image features (including the shape, size, number, and changing speed of the lesions) combined with medical history of the patients. This article introduces the common and important imaging features of chest CT scans related to pulmonary infection in order to develop doctors' ability of evaluating pathogens of pulmonary infection, rational application of antibacterial drugs and improving the prognosis of lung infection.