Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and analyze the trend of respiratory disease mortality among residents in a community of Shanghai from 2009 to 2018.

Methods According to the mortality data of residents from 2009 to 2018 in a community of Shanghai, crude mortality, standardized mortality rate, annual percent change (APC) were calculated to analyze the status and trends of mortality of respiratory diseases, and the contribution of demographic and non-demographic factors to disease death was calculated by the differential decomposition method.

Results From 2009 to 2018, 310 people died of respiratory disease in a community of Shanghai, with a crude mortality rate of 88.73/100 000 and a standardized mortality rate of 26.89/100 000. The total crude mortality rate of respiratory disease showed a fluctuating trend (APC=-0.82%, Z=-0.687, P=0.512), and the standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population showed a significant decreasing trend (APC=-5.96%, Z=-3.210, P=0.012). The crude and standardized mortality rates of respiratory disease in males were higher than those in females (P < 0.05). The crude mortality rates of respiratory disease in both males and females showed fluctuating trends, but standardized mortality rates showed significantly decreasing trends. Based on the crude mortality rates during 2009-2013, the increase in mortality from 2014 to 2018 due to demographic factors was greater than that due to other risk factors.

Conclusions Prevention and treatment of respiratory disease in community should be tailored according to local conditions. Targeted prevention and treatment measures for aging are one of the effective ways in local areas.