Objective To explore the relationship between the polymorphism of HBB rs35755129 and blood glucose and lipid levels in longevity population in Hongshui River Basin of Guangxi.

Methods 303 cases of Guangxi Hongshui River Basin population were selected and divided into longevity group (93.46±3.09 years old, n=107), elderly group (75.47±4.44 years old, n=68) and young group (49.18±9.20 years old, n=128). The genotypes of HBB were classified by PCR-Sanger sequencing, and the effects of polymorphism of the gene locus on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid indexes were analyzed.

Results Cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) in longevity group were lower than those in the elderly group and the young group (P < 0.05). In overall, the fasting blood-glucose level of subjects with AA genotype was higher than those with GG/AG genotype, and triglyceride (TG) was lower than those with GG/AG genotype (P < 0.05). In the young group, the expression level of locus on FBG and TG were higher than GG/AG genotype (P < 0.05). Males AG/GG genotype carriers in total population presented higher TG level than those with AA genotype (P < 0.05), while females AG/GG genotype carriers presented lower FBG level than AA genotype, and higher Apo B level than AA genotype (P < 0.05). Males AG/GG genotype carriers in longevity group presented lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level compared with that in the AA carriers (P < 0.05). In the young group, the total FBG level of AG/GG genotype carriers lower than AA genotype, while TG was higher than AA genotype (P < 0.05).

Conclusions The polymorphism of HBB rs35755129 genotype is related to blood glucose and blood lipid, but it is influenced by gender factor. The genotype that plays a regulatory role in different life span may be different.