Abstract: Objective：To explore the effect of aerobic exercise-based exercise rehabilitation in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods：A total of 120 patients diagnosed as chronic heart failure from February 2018 to November 2018 were randomly divided into the rehabilitation training group, the enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) group, and the simple drug treatment group. Patients in the simple drug treatment group received drug therapy, patients in the EECP group received the EECP on the basis of drug therapy, and patients in the rehabilitation training group received the targeted cardiac rehabilitation training on the basis of drug therapy. After 3 months, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) , N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level, the quality of life score, and the treatment efficacy among the groups were compared. Results：After intervention, the LVEF of patients in the rehabilitation training group was higher than that in the other two groups (P<0.01), and the LVEDD and LVESD were lower than those in the other two groups (P<0.01). The NT-proBNP level and Minnesota scale score of patients in the rehabilitation training group were lower than those in the other two groups (P<0.01). The total effective rate of the patients in the rehabilitation training group (97.5%) was higher than that of the patients in the EECP group (82.5%) and the simple drug treatment group (77.5%), with significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusions：The treatment program of cardiac rehabilitation training is effective in patients with chronic heart failure, which can obviously restore normal cardiac function, reduce disease symptoms, improve quality of life, and promote recovery of patients.