Abstract: Sufentanil is often used to inhibit the cardiovascular response caused by tracheal intubation during general anesthesia induction, but it can cause cough in patients during injection, and severe cough response can increase closed cavity organ pressure in patients, especially can increase the risk of anesthesia induction for patients with intracranial hypertension and pneumothorax. The incidence of cough varies from 28% to 65%, according to the difference of sufentanil dosage. A lot of drugs and methods can inhibit sufentanil-induced cough response in different degrees, however, the comparative literature on efficacy is relatively few. The dose of sufentanil is different, and the timing of pre-dosing varies from 2 to 15 minutes. This article reviews the preventive medication for sufentanil-induced cough response in papers in recent years, including the mechanism, the influential factors, preventive medication.