Abstract: Objective：To investigate the value of 3.0 T magnetic resonance (MR) DWI quantitative imaging in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal neoplasm. Methods：Eighty-nine cases of renal parenchymal tumors diagnosed by pathology after renal MR examination were collected. Among them, 60 cases were renal cell carcinoma, including 39 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, 8 cases of papillary renal cell carcinoma, 9 cases of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, 4 cases of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma; and 29 cases were benign renal tumors, including 25 cases of renal angiomyolipoma, and 4 cases of renal oncocytoma. Cross sectional DWI imaging were performed in all patients using GE Signa HD 3.0 T MR scanner. Results：The mean ADC values of 39 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, 8 cases of papillary renal cell carcinoma,9 cases of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, 4 cases of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, 25 cases of renal angiomyolipoma and 4 cases of renal oncocytoma were (1.681 5±0.176 9)×10-3, (1.165 0±0.217 0)×10-3, (1.121 0± 0.231 6)×10-3, (2.030 0±0.235 1)×10-3, (1.155 2±0.132 0)×10-3, and (1.580 0±0.212 3)×10-3 mm2/s, respectively. Compared with papillary renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, and renal angiomyolipoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma had significant higher ADC value (P=0.000). There were no statistically significant differences between the ADC value of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and those of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, or renal oncocytoma. Conclusions：3.0 T MR-DWI quantitative imaging has a diagnostic and differential diagnostic value for renal tumor lesions, and has guiding value for the choice of therapeutic regimen.