Abstract: Objective：To study the postpartum prognosis of pregnant women with abnormal cervical cytology during gestation so as to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of abnormal cervical cytology during gestation. Methods：A retrospective analysis was done on 534 pregnant women with thinprep cytological test（TCT）≥ASC-US. The results of TCT examination and the infection rate of high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) were compared between gestation and 8 weeks postpartum. Results：Among the 534 pregnant women, 425 cases (79.59%) were atypical cells, 105 cases were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, 19.66%), and 4 cases were highly squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, 0.75%). 290 pregnant women received 8 weeks postpartum follow-up, which showed 87 cases of TCT≥ASC-US (30.00%) and a significant reduction from pregnancy (P<0.01). 434 pregnant women took the HPV test, and 157 cases were HPV positive (36.18%). 172 cases were followed up after birth, and 52 cases were HPV positive (30.23%). The difference was not statistically significant. Those with prenatal HPV infection and abnormal TCT, the rate of abnormal TCT postpartum was higher than that of those without prenatal HPV infection. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). Conclusions：Cervical cytology abnormality during gestation is often downgraded postpartum. Antepartum HPV infection can reduce the possibility of normal postoatrum TCT, which calls for clinical attention.