Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is currently defined by renal structural or functional abnormalities and is primarily assessed by glomerular filtration rate (GFR). It’s currently considered a common disease worldwide. However, the prevalence assessment of CKD varies greatly among different countries, and the influencing factors are many. Therefore, this article reviews the factors influencing the prevalence of CKD, and proposes improvement methods to assess GFR more accurately, so as to achieve more accurate CKD staging for some CKD patients.