Abstract: Objective：To investigate the lipid levels of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients from single center and to explore the related risk factors. Methods：MHD patients (dialysis duration ＞3 months) in blood purification center of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were enrolled in the research. Fasting blood lipid including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum albumin and other indicators were tested, and dialysis adequacy evaluation was made. At the same time, patients’ general information and medical history were collected. Results：The average levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C in 203 patients were (4.45 ± 1.16) mmol/L, (1.93 ± 2.18) mmol/L, (1.16 ± 0.34) mmol/L, (2.51 ± 0.93) mmol/L, respectively. 132 patients (65%) were bothered by lipid abnormalities. Proportions of serum high TC and LDL-C abnormality were higher in women than in men while low HDL-C abnormality proportion was lower in women than in men （P<0.05）. 〖BP(〗Total prevalence of dyslipidemia was higher in women than in men. 〖BP)〗Serum TG level was higher in patients over 60 years old than those under 45 years old and among 45-59 years old （P<0.05）. However, patients under 45 years old had the highest prevalence of dyslipidemia （P<0.05）. Patients with dialysis duration ＞60 months had lower proportion of TG abnormality than patients with duration ＜12 months and among 12-60 months （P<0.05）. Prevalence of dyslipidemia was highest in the group with duration ＜12 months （P<0.05）. Serum TG level was lower in patients with HbA1c≤6% than in patients with HbA1c＞6% （P<0.05）. Higher prevalence of dyslipidemia occurred in patients with HbA1c＞6% （P<0.05）. Conclusions：Lipid metabolism disorder is common among MHD patients. Female, dialysis duration＜12 months, younger than 45years old, and HbA1c＞ 6% are risk factors of lipid metabolism abnormality in such patients.