Abstract: Objective：To investigate the changes of plasma VEGF levels and its relationship with efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging (BCLC) stage B hepatocellular carcinoma, and also discuss its possible clinical significance. Methods：Peripheral blood samples were collected at 1 d before TACE and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 30 d after TACE from 17 patients with BCLC stage B HCC. The relationship between plasma VEGF level and biological or imaging characteristics preand postTACE were analyzed. Results：Compared with 1 day before surgery, the VEGF level at 1 day after surgery was improved, and decreased at 3 and 5 days after surgery, but increased significantly at 14 days after surgery (P＜0.05). Higher levels of plasma VEGF were observed in patients with fistula between hepatic artery and portal vein, or with tumor recurrence. Good response to TACE were observed in 10 patients, 7 patients with poor response. There were significant differences between two groups on plasma VEGF level at 14 d postTACE（P＜0.05）. Conclusions：The plasma VEGF level can be regarded as index to evaluate the efficacy of TACE for patients with BCLC B stage.