Abstract: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a process where by once or repeated short and low intensity of IPC in reducing and protecting the subsequent longterm tissue damage caused by ischemia and anoxia. The previous researches were focused on organs with rich of blood supply and vulnerable to ischemic damage such as the heart, brain and kidney. The further understanding of the model construction, mechanism, clinical applications were made in recent years. This study is the review of the research progress of ischemic preconditioning and its clinial application prospect in kidney.