Abstract: Objective：To investigate the compliance status of lung cancer pain patients taking oxycodone hydrochloride zyban and to analyze the reasons for the lack of compliance. Methods：Cluster sampling method was used to investigate 72 cases of lung cancer pain patients taking oxycodone hydrochloride zyban 1 392 times from January to June 2015. Patients’ pain scores, pain location, total days of drug taking, total times of drug taking, pain score during poor compliance and the causes of poor compliance were recorded by numerical rating scale (NRS) and selfdesigned drug taking compliance scale. Results：Poor compliance was observed in 42 patients, accounting for 58.33%. Total times of drug taking during poor compliance were 780, accounting for 56.03%. Such a behavior was observed in some patients: they took medication when there was pain, and didn’t take medication when there was no pain. Compliance was related to the concern about drug addiction and drug resistance, the belief that the illness did not reach the level of taking the drug, and the high drug price. Conclusions：The drug taking compliance of lung cancer pain patients remains to be improved, and nurses can intervene from the misunderstanding of oxycodone hydrochloride zyban, lack of awareness of their own illness in order to improve the compliance of patients.