Recommendations for clinical diagnosis and treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated myocarditis

At present, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been used in the treatment of multiple malignant tumors, which benefit for tumor patients. However, the ICIs-associated myocarditis has brought new challenges clinically. In this recommendations paper, the key clinical issues, such as risk factors, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, clinical classification and treatment, monitoring of outcomes, and restart of treatment for ICIs-associated myocarditis, were highlighted, and the practical guidance and suggestions for the diagnosis and treatment of ICIs-associated myocarditis were proposed by reference to the relevant consensuses or guidelines and newly published evidence-based evidences in China and other countries in combination with clinical experience.