High-risk factors and prevention of anastomotic leakage after anterior rectal resection

Anastomotic leakage is one of the most serious complications after anus preserving operation in rectal cancer patients. Risk factors include patient-related factors, therapy-related factors, anesthesia and surgical-related factors. The main prevention measures include intraoperative examination of anastomosis, assurance of blood supply of anastomotic intestine, abdominal/pelvic drainage, protective stoma and transanal drainage. Identify risk factors and decrease the occurrence of anastomotic leakage are important for the improvement of patient outcomes.