Risk factors of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlation of neuronspecific enolase

Objective：To explore the the risk factors of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and the changes and clinical significance of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in serum of DPN patients. Methods：According to the combination of peripheral neuropathy or not, 736 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were divided into DPN group (n=450) and single T2DM (SDM) group (n=286). The correlation between duration of disease, presence or absence of combined hypertension, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), NSE and DPN, and the correlation between NSE and other indicators were analyzed. Results：The prevalence rate of DPN in hospitalized patients with T2DM was 61.1%. Compared with SDM group, DPN group had a longer course of T2DM, a higher proportion of hypertension, and an older age (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in NSE concentration between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that the course, age, and HbA1c of T2DM were independent influencing factors for DPN (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the diastolic blood pressure and BMI were independently correlated with NSE level (P<0.05). Conclusions：Long course of disease, old age, and high level of HbA1c of T2DM can lead to DPN. NSE may not be a potential biological marker for DPN.