Abstract: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in elderly men. Transurethral resection of the prostate and laser enucleation of the prostate are the standard methods for the treatment of BPH. However, short-term or long-term urinary incontinence might occur after surgery, which would affect the patients' quality of life. Preoperative detrusor overactivity (DO) or overactivity bladder (OAB), diabetes, enlarged prostate volume, short membranous urethral length (MUL), obesity, sphincter injury and other factors may increase the risk of urinary incontinence after transurethral prostatectomy. Urodynamic examination is an important method to evaluate the causes of postoperative urinary incontinence. Drug therapy, pelvic floor exercise and electrical stimulation could help to improve the cure rate of postoperative urinary incontinence. Surgical treatment, such as intravesical injection of botulinum toxin-A (BYX-A), adjustable sling system, adjustable balloon implantation and artificial urethral sphincter can alleviate postoperative urinary incontinence, but further studies are needed to verify the therapeutic effect.