Objective To analyze the current status and possible deficiencies of perioperative nutritional support treatment for patients undergoing open radical gastric cancer surgery, in order to improve the perioperative nutritional support treatment.

Methods A total of 1 304 patients who completed open radical gastric cancer surgery in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from January to December 2019 were included, the clinical data of all patients were analyzed retrospectively. The perioperative nutritional support ratio, approach, and composition, as well as relevant laboratory parameters were analyzed.

Results The patients received preoperative nutritional support only, postoperative nutritional support only, and preoperative plus postoperative nutritional support accounted for 1.7%, 56.9%, and 8.6%, respectively. 67.2% (876/1 304) patients were given nutritional supports during the perioperative time. Before surgery, the total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and enteral nutrition (EN) were used in 112, 21 patients, respectively, and the ratio was 5.3:1. After the operation, TPN, EN, and PN+EN were used in 558, 102, and 194 patients, respectively, and the ratio was 5.5:1:1.9. Among patients who used TPN after surgery, 107 patients used all in one (AIO) nutrients and total calories, calories/kg, protein/kg, and heat-nitrogen ratio were (1 256.7±169.4) kcal/d, (20.7±4.0) kcal·kg^-1·d^-1, (1.2±0.5) g·kg^-1·d^-1, and (101.1±53.8): 1 in these patients, respectively; 451 patients used single bottle of nutrients, and total calories, calories/kg, protein/kg, and heat-nitrogen ratio were (325.2±79.2) kcal/d, (5.4±1.7) kcal·kg^-1·d^-1, (0.4±0.1) g·kg^-1·d^-1, and (58.0±23.7): 1. The preoperative levels of albumin and prealbumin of the patients receiving AIO were (39.7±5.0) g/L and (211.2±55.6) mg/L, and were significantly lower than those of patients receiving single bottle nutrient support (41.3±4.0 g/L, 222.4±52.0 mg/L; P < 0.05), and the postoperative level of blood glucose was (6.3±2.0) mmol/L and was significantly higher than that of patients receiving single bottle of nutrients (5.5±1.3) mmol/L (P < 0.01).

Conclusions Nutritional support has been gradually improved, the proportion of perioperative nutritional support is higher, but protein/amino acid supplied by postoperative TPN does not meet the clinical requirements.