Progress of human papillomavirus-related head, neck, and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) accounts for 90% of head and neck malignancies, with a mortality rate of 40%-50%, HNSCC originates from the oral cavity, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx. It is generally believed that the overuse of tobacco and alcohol is related to HNSCC, but more and more studies show that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is highly related to the occurrence and development of HNSCC, especially oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). This article reviews the molecular biological performance, pathogenesis, treatment progress, and prevention strategies of HPV-related HNSCC, and provides new ideas for clinical and individualized treatments.